Maritime Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Maritime Policy - Essay Example is the case, many nationals of these developing countries occupy a significant share of the workforce that mans the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries and open register’s fleets (Johnston, 1991). This movement of marine industry workers between flags as a result of the free working environment created by fleet managers and ship owners in assembling crews of different nationalities according to Ron, Stutchbury and Pascoe (1988) actually led to the firm establishment of the seafarers’ global labour market. This report seeks to analyze the global labour market in detail; its formation, and how it has impacted players involved in shipping companies from both developing and developed regions of the world. The report goes further to suggest ways and means of tackling problems experienced by stakeholders of the seafarers’ Global Labour Market (GLM). Initially, almost all ships were manned predominantly by people of the same nationality as the ship’s flag (Williamson, 1992). This tradition was held in part as a consequence of legal requirement with countries varying in strength in the enforcement of the law. Besides, it was also considered more practical in as much as recruiting seafarers from other countries was difficult and expensive (Tyner, 2000). Notable exceptions to these requirements, however, arose when the Liberian and Panamanian registers were created in 1949 and 1922 respectively (Tyner, 2000). Neither of the two nations involved had national seafarers’ labour markets. These anomalies however posed no significant threat to the well organised labour markets of Japan and European nations until the prolonged recession of the 70s and 80s hit world trade. The scale and pace of change in the marine workforce in the 80s was widely unprecedented. According to Alderton, in 1987 alone, there was a steady increase in the number of Filipino seafarers working in European-owned ships. The press, throughout the 80s,

Art in south afric Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art in south afric - Research Paper Example These include well-decorated traditional cloths, beautiful beads, tablemats, and simple things such as candleholder. Their art is characterized by innovation, which has enabled South Africans to adapt to local, regional, and international markets. Through art, South Africans have managed to enhance their nation’s identity and uniqueness, while creating jobs, producing social cohesion and social capital. In this case, the manner in which figures are curved establishes a cast of eccentric feature. Artists from South Africa in the fork art have created new ideas such as mock road signs, which are used to depict eccentric information (Stone 79). Art in South Africa is moving from traditional to commercial in the sense that artists have developed high level of skills and knowledge to come up with unique artwork and sell their products to the ready markets from the tourists. South African beads and weaved hats, once used as a symbol of royalty in traditional society has found its use in many things such as development of coverings for products and re-application of red aids ribbon present in the form of Zulu beadworks which earns them some money because of the use of their product. 2. Ceramics and basketry that were perfected in traditional South African society are present in contemporary galleries and shelves. Vocal music is well recognized in South Africa because it reminds them of the old traditional South Africa. This kind of music was communal, associated with dances and other social gatherings to demonstrate unity. Further, the vocal music in South Africa included a well-defined call and response patterns (Stephan 81-4). Instruments such as mouth bow were common in traditional South Africa. Traditional people in South Africa did not have the idea of drums. Influence from the West later introduced new instruments such as concentrina, which were